THE HINDU EDITORIAL : JUNE 22, 2018
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THE HINDU EDITORIAL : JUNE 22, 2018
THE HINDU EDITORIAL like many other sections will be the imperative one to crack the forthcoming exams like SBI PO 2018, SBI Clerk 2018 and IBPS RRB 2018 & South Indian Bank PO 2018 (newly released notification). Learn new vocabulary words routinely.
A) Wave of lynchings
The events that led up to the brutal assault on Monday of two men in Uttar Pradesh’s Hapur district on the outskirts of New Delhi are unclear — but one of them died and the other sustained injuries. The family of the dead man, Qasim, a 45-year-old cattle trader, says that he had set out when he heard about the possibility of cattle being on sale, and the next thing they heard was that a mob had set itself upon him, killing him. Sameyddin’s relatives say he had been out getting grass for his cattle when he spied the mob attack on Qasim — he tried to run to safety but was beaten up nonetheless. Qasim’s son says his father’s death was the outcome of a conspiracy. Others in the village say locals were on edge following rumours that cow smuggling was afoot. And administration officials say it may all have been a case of road rage. Investigations are on, so what actually transpired is not definitively known yet. But given lynchings across north India by ‘cow protection’ vigilantes, it is not difficult to miss the communal dangers here. Elsewhere, from Tamil Nadu in the south to Assam in the Northeast, men and women have been lynched on suspicion that they were out to kidnap children. To give just a few examples, in May, a homeless man in Pulicat, north of Chennai, was battered to death on such suspicion, as was a car-borne woman pilgrim in Tiruvannamalai district, who offered some sweets to children while seeking directions. This month, in Assam’s Karbi Anglong district, two men from Guwahati were killed by a mob on the same anxiety that they were looking to kidnap children. In many cases — including in Tamil Nadu and Assam — such public concern was created or heightened by warnings that were circulated on social media. Yet, irrespective of whether the lynchings are due to fear of kidnappings or are deliberate acts by cow protection vigilantes, the authorities should not treat the crime of murder and the allegations that enrage a mob with the same equivalence. Murder is murder, but the killing of another human being by a murderous crowd out to enforce mob justice or avert an imagined crime takes an extraordinary toll of the civilities of wider society. The police must make it clear, by word and action, that murder and mob violence will be strictly dealt with. Yet, the administration must also reckon with a new challenge: the use of social media, especially WhatsApp groups and forwards, to spread fear and panic. Responses such as surveillance and Internet shutdowns are not just impossible — in a free society, they are inadvisable. What is needed is an administration that reaches out to local communities to keep them in the loop in order to check trouble-makers — and that conveys sufficient good faith, so individuals will trust it to keep the peace and sift real threats from mischievous rumours.
B) Dangerous spiral: on global trade war
The global trade war is hotting up as major economies continue to impose tariffs on each other. India is the latest to join the tit-for-tat battle by slapping tariffs as high as 50% on a list of 30 goods imported from the U.S. Earlier this week, U.S. President Donald Trump announced that he had ordered his administration to frame new tariffs on $200-billion worth of Chinese imports. This was in retaliation to tariffs on $50- billion worth in American goods imposed by China last week in response to Mr. Trump’s earlier round of tariffs on Chinese goods. The first shot in the spiralling trade war was fired by the U.S. in March when Mr. Trump unveiled tariffs to discourage the import of steel and aluminium into the country. The latest round of tariffs imposed by the U.S. will be the highest in terms of the value of goods. In all, U.S. tariffs will now affect Chinese goods worth $450 billion — to put this in perspective, total Chinese imports into the U.S. last year were worth around $500 billion. The European Union also joined the trade war this month, imposing tariffs on $3.3 billion of American goods. While the India-U.S. tariff tiff could escalate, the amounts being discussed right now are minuscule compared to those under threat in the unfolding U.S.-China situation or even the spat between the U.S. and the EU. India’s notification to the WTO says that U.S. tariffs on steel and aluminium would cost India $241 million, and that the tariffs imposed on the U.S. would bring in a commensurate amount. It has also indicated its preference to deal with the issue through dialogue, and not “measures and counter-measures”. For long, global financial markets largely ignored risks of an all-out trade war among major economies, but things are changing quickly. The Dow Jones Industrial Average fell by as much as 1.6% on Tuesday, while the Shenzhen Composite Index was down 5.8% for the day. This fresh round of volatility suggests investors may be beginning to take threats of a trade war more seriously. The fact is that all sides engaged in a trade war eventually lose. The longer it goes on, the greater the cost as growth slows down under the increasing burden of taxes. The only gainers in a trade war will be special interest groups, such as the U.S. steel industry, which also happens to be a major vote bank for Mr. Trump. Even retaliatory tariffs aimed at pushing back the U.S. may only perpetuate the vicious negative-sum game instead of bringing the war to an end. Mr. Trump’s rejection of the G-7 communique that endorsed a “rules-based trading system” for the world suggests there may be no offer of truce from his side any time soon. Nevertheless, global powers must try their best to bring an end to the ongoing trade war before it gets out of hand.
WORDS/VOCABULARY
1) Brutal
Meaning: Savagely violent.
Example: “a brutal murder”
Synonyms: Savage, Cruel
2) Outskirts
Meaning: The outer parts of a town or city.
Example: “he built a new factory on the outskirts of Birmingham”
Synonyms: Boundary, Suburbia
3) Sustained
Meaning: Continuing for an extended period or without interruption.
Example: “several years of sustained economic growth”
4) Set out
Meaning: Begin a journey.
Example: “he set out early next morning”
Synonyms: Start, Embark
Antonyms: Arrive
5) Spied
Meaning: Discern or make out, especially by careful observation.
Example: “he could spy a figure in the distance”
Synonyms: Notice, Observe
6) Nonetheless
Meaning: In spite of that; nevertheless.
Example: “the rally, which the government had declared illegal, was nonetheless attended by some 6,000”
7) Conspiracy
Meaning: A secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful.
Example: “a conspiracy to destroy the government”
Synonyms: Plan, Deception
8) Smuggling
Meaning: To take things or people to or from a place secretly and often illegally.
Example: She was caught trying to smuggle 26 kilos of heroin out of/into the country.
Synonyms: Sneak
9) Afoot
Meaning: In preparation or progress; happening or beginning to happen.
Example: “plans are afoot for a festival”
Synonyms: Happening, Around
10) Road rage
Meaning: Anger or violence between drivers, often caused by difficult driving conditions.
Example: Earlier today a man was arrested for attacking a motorist in a road rage incident.
11) Transpired
Meaning: (of a secret or something unknown) come to be known; be revealed.
Example: “it transpired that millions of dollars of debt had been hidden in a complex web of transactions”
Synonyms: Emerge, Materialize
12) Lynched
Meaning: (of a group of people) kill (someone) for an alleged offence without a legal trial, especially by hanging.
Example: “her father had been lynched by whites”
Synonyms: Execute, Hang
13) Battered
Meaning: Injured by repeated blows or punishment.
Example: “he finished the day battered and bruised”
Synonyms: Beaten, Hit
14) Anxiety
Meaning: A feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about something with an uncertain outcome.
Example: “he felt a surge of anxiety”
Synonyms: Worry, Concern
Antonyms: Calmness, Serenity
15) Heightened
Meaning: Make or become more intense.
Example: “the pleasure was heightened by the sense of guilt that accompanied it”
Synonyms: Intensify, Increase
Antonyms: Reduce, Decrease
16) Deliberate
Meaning: Done consciously and intentionally.
Example: “a deliberate attempt to provoke conflict”
Synonyms: Intentional, Calculated
Antonyms: Accidental, Unintentional
17) Enrage
Meaning: Make (someone) very angry.
Example: “the students were enraged at these new rules”
Synonyms: Anger, Infuriate
Antonyms: Placate, Calm
18) Enforce
Meaning: Cause (something) to happen by necessity or force.
Example: “there is no outside agency to enforce cooperation between the players”
Synonyms: Compulsory, Obligatory
Antonyms: Voluntary
19) Reckon with
Meaning: To deal with a difficult or powerful person or thing.
Example: If you harm her, you’re going to have the police to reckon with.
Synonyms: Deal, Action
20) Mischievous
Meaning: (of an action or statement) causing or intended to cause harm or trouble.
Example: “a mischievous allegation for which there is not a shred of evidence”
Synonyms: Malevolent, Hostile
Antonyms: Harmless, Well intentioned
21) Hotting up
Meaning: If an event or situation hots up, it becomes more exciting and more things start to happen.
Example: The competition is really hotting up now.
Synonyms: Intensify, Increase
22) Tit-for-tat
Meaning: The infliction of an injury or insult in return for one that one has suffered.
Example: “the conflict staggered on with tit-for-tat assassinations”
Synonyms: Retaliation, Reprisal
23) Slapping
Meaning: Impose a fine or other penalty on.
Example: “the government had slapped an embargo on imports”
Synonyms: Impose, Levy
24) Retaliation
Meaning: To hurt someone or do something harmful to someone because they have done or said something harmful to you.
Example: If someone insults you, don’t retaliate as it only makes the situation worse.
Synonyms: Revenge, Vengefulness
25) Spiralling
Meaning: Show a continuous and dramatic increase.
Example: “inflation continued to spiral”
Synonyms: Soar, Escalate
Antonyms: Fall
26) Unveiled
Meaning: Show or announce publicly for the first time.
Example: “the Home Secretary has unveiled plans to crack down on crime”
Synonyms: Reveal, Present
27) Imposed
Meaning: Require (a duty, charge, or penalty) to be undertaken or paid.
Example: “a fine may be imposed”
Synonyms: Levy, Charge
28) Perspective
Meaning: A view or prospect.
Example: “a perspective of the whole valley”
Synonyms: View, Vista
29) Minuscule
Meaning: Extremely small; tiny.
Example: “a minuscule fragment of DNA”
Synonyms: Tiny, Minute
Antonyms: Vast, Huge
30) Unfolding
Meaning: (of events or information) gradually develop or be revealed.
Example: “there was a fascinating scene unfolding before me”
Synonyms: Develop, Evolve
31) Commensurate
Meaning: Corresponding in size or degree; in proportion.
Example: “salary will be commensurate with age and experience”
Synonyms: Equivalent, Equal
Antonyms: Disproportionate
32) Volatility
Meaning: Likely to change suddenly and unexpectedly, especially by getting worse.
Example: Food and fuel prices are very volatile in a war situation.
33) Eventually
Meaning: In the end, especially after a long delay, dispute, or series of problems.
Example: “eventually, after midnight, I arrived at the hotel”
Synonyms: Finally, Ultimately
Antonyms: Immediately, Never
34) Retaliatory
Meaning: (of an action) characterized by a desire for revenge.
Example: “fears of a retaliatory attack by the victim’s friends”
35) Pushing back
Meaning: To delay something so that it happens later than planned.
Example: The target date for construction has been pushed back.
Synonyms: Delay, Wasting time
36) Perpetuate
Meaning: Make (something) continue indefinitely.
Example: “the confusion was perpetuated through inadvertence”
Synonyms: Continue, Extend
37) Vicious
Meaning: Deliberately cruel or violent; serious or dangerous.
Example: “a vicious assault”
Synonyms: Brutal, Savage
Antonyms: Gentle, Benevolent
38) Communique
Meaning: An official announcement or statement, especially one made to the media.
Example: “the country’s foreign ministry issued a communique”
Synonyms: Report, Notification
39) Endorsed
Meaning: Declare one’s public approval or support of.
Example: “the report was endorsed by the college”
40) Gets out of hand
Meaning: To avoid doing something that you do not want to do, especially by giving an excuse.
Example: I think her backache was just a way of getting out of the house.
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